Gedung Kesenian Jakarta
The idea for the creation of a theater in Batavia came from the Governor-General of Batavia at that time, Herman Willem Daendels. This idea was realized by Stamford Raffles, who was known for his passion for the study and preservation of local culture. In 1814 Raffles ordered the construction of a simple bamboo theatre near Waterlooplein (a square in Jakarta, now Lapangan Banteng), under the name "Military Theater Venue". It was built by English soldiers and had a capacity of 250 people. This 1st theater in Batavia was used from 1811 to 1816 for the entertainment of British soldiers.
On August 1816, the English gave the Indies back to the Dutch East Indies and Batavia was under the governorship of the Netherlands once more.[clarification needed ] Performances were again held in the building on April 21, 1817, by groups of Dutch amateur performers.
In 1820 the bamboo theater began to show signs of deterioration, and in 1821, supported by the Dutch colonial government, it was replaced with a more permanent structure. The architect chosen to design the building was J.C. Schultze. The building contractor was Lie Atjie, who took material from the spinhuis in the old town area to use for the new theater. Construction took 14 months. The new building was designed in Neoclassical style and was called Schouwburg Weltevreden, also popularly known as Gedung Komedi. Inauguration was planned for October 1821 but had to be postponed until December 7 because of a cholera epidemic. The 1st performance in the building was Shakespeare's Othello.
During the mid 19th century, the development of Schouwburg Weltevreden was slow, and it had difficulty making a profit, because Batavia lacked European female opera singers and didn't have a complete orchestra. The government took over the theater in 1848, when the private company failed, and held it until 1892. In 1911 its administration was assigned to the city of Batavia.
At first, lighting inside the building was done using candles and kerosene lamps. Gas light came in 1864. Electricity was 1st used inside the building in 1882, but gas light was still used outside until 1910.
In 1926, during Indonesia's period of National Awakening, the building was used by the local Youth Alliance for the 1st Kongres Pemoeda.
During the Japanese occupation from 1942 to 1945, the building was used temporarily as a military headquarters. In April 1943 it was used as a theater under the name Sin'tsu Cekizyoo.
During the independence era the building was used as a meeting place for a group of youth artists known as Seniman Merdeka,, among whom were Rosihan Anwar, Usmar Ismail, El Hakim, and HB Jassin. On August 29, 1945, twelve days after the official declaration of independence of Indonesia, the 1st president of Indonesia, Sukarno, inaugurated the Central Indonesian National Committee, which had its 1st meeting in the building.
| In 1951 the building was Economy and Law of Indonesia | used by the Faculty of University. |
| From 1957 to 1961, the Indonesian National Theater | building was used by the Academy. |
In 1984 a Law was enacted to return the building to its original function. It was renovated at a cost of 3 billion rupiah. On September 5, 1987, it was renamed the Gedung Kesenian Jakarta, replacing the former name Gedung Kesenian Pasar Baru.
Related Sites for Gedung Kesenian Jakarta
- Taman Ismail Marzuki read Gedung Kesenian Jakarta
- .::. I K J - Institut Kesenian Jakarta .::. read Gedung Kesenian Jakarta
- PUSAT KESENIAN JAKARTA TAMAN ISMAIL MARZUKI | Facebook read Gedung Kesenian Jakarta
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