Soekarno-Hatta International Airport

Soekarno-Hatta International Airport

Although the airport is running over capacity, on May 4, 2012 after verification from April 23 to May 3, the Airport Council International stated that Soekarnoâ€"Hatta International Airport is clearly being operated safely. All safety flying procedures are running well. To overcome the overcapacity, on August 2, 2012 the ground breaking was done at terminal 3 to turn into an Aerotropolis airport which can serve 62 million passengers per year. This is predicted to be completed at the end of 2014.
Used between 1928 and 1985, Kemayoran Airfield was considered unsatisfactory because it was too close to the major Halim Perdanakusuma Indonesian military airport. The civil airspace in the area became increasingly restricted, while air traffic increased rapidly, posing problems for international air traffic. In 1969, a senior communication officers meeting in Bangkok expressed these concerns.
In the early 1970s, with the help of USAID, eight potential locations were analyzed for a new international airport, namely: Kemayoran, Malaka, Babakan, Jonggol, Halim, Curug, South Tangerang and North Tangerang. Finally, the North Tangerang airspace was chosen; it was also noted that Jonggol could be used as an alternative airfield. Meanwhile, as an interim step, the Indonesian government upgraded the Halim Perdanakusumah airfield for use for passenger services. The old Kemayoran site was closed in 1985, and the land was later used for commercial and housing purposes.
Between 1974 and 1975, a Canadian consultant/consortium, consisting of Aviation Planning Services Ltd., ACRESS International Ltd., and Searle Wilbee Rowland, won a bid for the new airport feasibility project. The feasibility study started on 20 February 1974 with a total cost of 1 million Canadian dollars. The one-year project proceeded with an Indonesian partner represented by PT Konavi. By the end of March 1975, the study revealed a plan to build three inline runways, three international terminal buildings, three domestic buildings and one building for Hajj flights. Three stores for the domestic terminals would be built between 1975 and 1981 at a cost of US$ 465 million and one domestic terminal including an apron from 1982â€"1985 at a cost of US$ 126 million. A new terminal project, named the Jakarta International Airport Cengkareng (code: JIA-C), began.
The airport's terminal 1 and 2 was designed by Paul Andreu, a French architect who also designed Paris-Charles de Gaulle Airport. One of the characteristics of the airport is the incorporation of the local architecture into the design, and the presence of tropical gardens between the waiting lounges. These unique characteristics earned the airport the 1995 Aga Khan Award for Architecture. The runways runs northeast-southwest direction and has two runways parallel in the north and south side. The airport terminal took plan of spanning fan, main entrances of terminals connected to series of waiting and boarding pavilions via corridors. These waiting and boarding pavilions are connected to the airplanes through boarding bridges. The terminal 1 is in the southern side, while Terminal 2 and 3 are on the north side.
The airport concept is described as "garden within the airport" or "airport in the garden" as tropical decorative and flower plants filled spaces between corridors, waiting and boarding pavilions. The boarding pavilions demonstrate local Indonesian vernacular architecture, particularly the roof took Javanese stepped-roof pendopo/joglo style pavilion. The interior design displaying theme on diversity of Indonesian art and culture, as ethnic decorative elements taken from wooden carvings of Java, Bali, Sumatra, Dayak, Toraja to Papua. Another example is the railings of stairs, doors and gates took kala-makara theme typical in ancient Indonesian temples such as found in Borobudur. The terminal 3 however took different architectural style, unlike ethnic-inspired Indonesian vernacular architecture style of terminal 1 and 2, terminal 3 took contemporary modern style of large glass windows with metal frames and columns.
In the newest masterplan Soerkarno-Hatta International Airport will increase the capacity from current capacity of 22 million passengers per annum to 62 million per annum in 2014. The airport will use new theme "Modern Airport With Traditional Sense" for the project. Angkasa Pura II as the operator designed Soekarno-Hatta Airport will have 3 passengers terminal, 1 new freight terminal and an integrated building in 2014. Also there will be an increase in apron capacity from the current 125 airplanes to 174 airplanes. By 2015, additional upgrades are expected to increase the airport's capacity to 75 million passengers. An airport train from Manggarai Station and People Mover System designed for ground transportation from/to and inside the airport are also in planning.
To anticipate a surge of passenger numbers, at least a ten percent increase each year, the government is preparing to lay down runway number 3. This was targeted to be completed in 2017. If the airport has 3 runways, the service capacity will rise to 623,420 movements per year and it will be able to anticipate growth at least until 2030. The expansion will use about 1,000 hectares from 10 villages in the Teluk Naga and Kosambi subdistricts. The expansion plan has been rejected by Tangerang Municipal Government because the residents living around the airport wouldn't be able to earn income for their family. The local government offered another location such as in Balaraja, but Angkasa Pura II corporate secretary said that building a new airport would not be an easy task, as it requires a thorough study.
Due to lack of space to make the 3rd runway at Soekarnoâ€"Hatta International Airport, the government plans to build a new airport around Cikarang and Karawang. The airport would be integrated with the planned Cilamaya International Seaport in Karawang.
In 2012, Soekarno-Hatta handled 57,772,762 passengers and was the world's 9th busiest airport by passenger traffic, surpassing Singapore Changi Airport, Bangkok Suvarnabhumi Airport, Hong Kong International Airport, and Dubai International Airport. Growth of passenger traffic was 12.1% compared to 2011. The airport is considered one of the fastest growing airport in terms of passanger jumping from 32 million in 2008 at 37th, global rank on world's busiest airport by passenger traffic, to 57 million in 2012 ranking 9th position globally.
The table below was based on the data from Airport Council International. These statistics are from the movements of passengers, freight and aircraft in CGK.
Soekarnoâ€"Hatta International Airport has 180 check-in counters, 36 baggage carousels and 45 gates. Sub-terminals 1A-1B-1C-2D-2E-2F have 25 check-in counters, 5 baggage carousels and 7 gates every sub-terminals. Terminal 3 has 30 check-in counters, 6 baggage carousels and 3 gates.
Terminal 1 is the 1st terminal of Soekarnoâ€"Hatta International Airport, finished in 1985. It is located on the south side of the airport, opposite Terminal 2. Terminal 1 has 3 sub-terminals, each equipped with 25 check-in counters, 5 baggage carousels and 7 gates. It has the capacity to handle 9 million passengers per annum. The gates in Terminal 1 have an alphabet prefix of A, B and C. The gates are A1-A7, B1-B7 and C1-C7. In the newest masterplan, Terminal 1 will increased its capacity to 18 million passengers per annum. Terminal 1 is used for domestic flight except Garuda Indonesia and Merpati Nusantara Airlines.
Terminal 2 is the 2nd terminal of Soekarnoâ€"Hatta International Airport. It was finished in 1991. It is located on the on the northern side of the airport, opposite Terminal 1. It operates international flights, with the exception of Garuda Indonesia and Merpati Nusantara Airlines domestic flights. This terminal has 3 sub-terminals. Each sub-terminal has 25 check-in counters, 5 baggage carousels and 7 gates. It has the capacity of handling 9 million passengers per annum. The gates in Terminal 2 has alphabet prefix of D, E and F. The gates are D1-D7, E1-E7 and F1-F7. In the newest masterplan, Terminal 2's capacity will be expanded to 19 million passengers per annum.
On November 28, 2011 Garuda Indonesia and Angkasa Pura II made a memorandum of understanding regarding the management of Terminals 2E and 2F, which will be used solely by Garuda Indonesia to anticipate ASEAN Open Sky Policy in 2015. Terminal 2E will be used for international travel and Terminal 2F for domestic flights. Garuda Indonesia said that it will share the using of its International Terminal with other Sky Team members when Garuda Indonesia effectively joins in early 2013. Predicted domestic transfer times are 30 minutes for domestic and no more than 45 minutes for international passengers. Currently Sky Team has 12 members, but not all of them have flown to Indonesia.
The 1st phase of terminal 3, located on the eastern side of the airport, consisting of the 1st of the two planned piers, was opened on April 15, 2009. The terminal adopts a different design from terminals 1 and 2, using an eco-friendy and modern concept. It currently houses the Air Asia Group, Lion Air and Mandala Airlines. With a capacity of 4 million passengers per annum terminal 3 now has 30 Check in counters, 6 Baggage carousels and 3 Gates with two sky-bridges. In the newest masterplan Terminal 3 will be designed in a U-shape with a total capacity of 25 million passengers per annum with 354,000 square meter area from current 34,000 square meter area and can hold A380 Aircraft in it.
Terminal 3 has officially opened for its international flights on November 15, 2011 when Indonesia AirAsia started using Terminal 3 as its new base for international flights together with its domestic flights.
The freight terminal is located in the east-side of terminal 1. This terminal was used to handle cargo at the Soekarnoâ€"Hatta International Airport, both domestic and international cargo. In the newest masterplan, the freight terminal will move to the west-side of terminal 2 with larger capacity than the current terminal.
Terminal 1 and 2 was designed to resemble a traditional Rumah Joglo Javanese house. The approach has been emphasized by the inclusion of well-maintained gardens located near all boarding areas. Terminal 3 and another new airport building designed use eco-friendly and modern design.
Facilities to maintenance aircraft in Soekarnoâ€"Hatta International Airport supported by GMF AeroAsia. They comprise 480,000 m2 of built-up structures, including three hangars, a spares warehouse, workshops, utility buildings, ground support equipment building, chemical stores, engine test cell and management offices. In addition, GMF AeroAsia has an apron capable of handling up to 50 aircraft, taxiways, a run-up bay and a waste treatment area taking up a 1,150,000 m2 area.
Hangar 1 was built in 1991 designed for Boeing 747s, has two full docks and is 22,000 m2. Hangar 2 is 23,000 m2 and has 3 aircraft bays. It can perform minor A and B checks. It can hold up to one narrow body and one wide body jet. Hangar 3 is 23,000 m2. It normally holds up to 3 Narrow-body aircraft, but can be reconfigured to hold up to one wide body and one narrow body. It has 7 bays with 4 full docks. It has 6 roof-mounted cranes and has one bay designed for MD11's, DC10's, and wide Airbus aircraft.
Golf area in Soekarnoâ€"Hatta International Airport supported by "Cengkareng Golf Club". Golf area has been open since 1999. Located on the left side airport main gate after Sheraton Bandara Hotel. Cengkareng Golf Club is set within the 102 hectares area of Soewarna Business Park at Soekarno Hatta International Airport. In 2005 and 2008 this golf area was used for Indonesia Open, which was a part of the PGA European Tour. There are 18 holes in this golf area.
Soekarnoâ€"Hatta International Airport has two hotels managed by the Sheraton Airport Hotel and the Jakarta Airport Hotel. The Sheraton Airport Hotel, which is located on the left side of the main exit road from the airport, has 4 floors with 220 guest rooms. The Jakarta Airport Hotel is located on the upper floor of Terminal 2 and provides useful standard accommodation for airport transit accommodation. The hotel entrance is located at the meeting point of terminal 2E. This hotel has 82 guest rooms.
There are four 1st and business Lounges at the Transit Lounge in the departure area. Jasa Angkasa Semesta Lounge, available for 1st and business class passengers of Cathay Pacific, Qantas, EVA Air, Saudia, and Singapore Airlines. Pura Indah Lounge, available for 1st and business class passengers of Singapore Airlines, KLM, Malaysia Airlines, Emirates Airline, Cathay Pacific, and China Airlines.

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