Committee for Preparatory Work for Indonesian Independence
Realizing they were losing the war, on 7 September 1944, the Japanese promised independence to Indonesia. The Japanese navy wasn't supportive of the idea, but the 16th Army in Sumatra established a Central Advisory Board, which met only once. Despite navy opposition, army-navy liaison vice-admiral Maeda Tadashi began to fund speaking tours by Indonesian nationalists Sukarno and Hatta. Other groups were set up, both civilian and military, and Indonesians began to be appointed to administrative posts. After the Japanese defeat at the Battle of Leyte Gulf and the liberation of the Philippines, the Japanese abandoned hope of turning Indonesia into a puppet state, and now began to try and win goodwill. However, a rebellion by PETA militas in Blitar in February 1945 showed the Japanese they were losing control.
The other co-secretary was a Japanese who was unable to understand Indonesian, the language used in the meetings.
The BPUPKI held two plenary meetings: 29 May - 1 June and 10 June - 17 July 1945. In May, the committee convened and was 1st chaired by Dr. Radjiman Wediodiningrat. Other notable members included Sukarno, Hatta, Yamin, Wahid Hasyim and the Indo P.F.Dahler. Sutomo advocated national integration as opposed to personal individualism. Muhammad Yamin advocated the new nation state should not only include all the territories of the Dutch East Indies, but also include Sarawak, Sabah, Malaya, and Portuguese Timor. Yamin further suggested ignoring international law and declaring all ocean areas between islands as Indonesian territorial waters. His nationalistic viewpoints were grounded in the history and territorial claims of the Majapahit Empire, but also the general appeal to unite all peoples of racial and cultural Malay backgrounds.
During the following BPUPKI session in July, a constitution for Indonesia was drafted. Hatta opposed Yamin's viewpoints, and even suggested that West Papua might be excluded from the new republic. Sukarno backed Yamin's nationalistic unitary statements. Haji Agus Salim proposed people in the British and Portuguese colonies could vote on whether to join Indonesia. Ultimately a committee majority votes to include Malaya, Sarawak, Sabah and Portuguese Timor, as well as the whole of the Dutch East Indies.
| The committee endorsed as the foundation of the | Sukarno's Pancasila philosophy new state. |
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